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No. 622,575. Patented Apr. 4, I899.

w. J. WALSH.

HOT WATER HEATER.

(Application filed Dec. 2, 1898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shut l.

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No. 622,575. Patented Apr. 4, uses.

- w. J. WALSH.

HOT WATER HEATER.

(Appliction filed Dec. 2, 1898.) (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

'm: woRms PETERS 0o. PHOTOLHNO" WASHINDYON, 0v 0 .ITED STATES PATENT Bren.

\VILLIAM JAMES WVALSH, OF HAMILTON, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF TXVO- THIRDS TOGEORGE M. RYCKMAN AND MICHAEL HOLLAND LE IIANE,

OF SAME PLACE.

HOT-WATER H EATER SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.622,575, dated April 4, 1899.

Application filed December 2, 1898. Serial No. 698,042. (No model.)

at the city of Hamiltomin the county of Wentworth, in the Province ofOntario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCircular Sectional IIot-WVater Heaters; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the constructionand operation of the same.

The invention relates to improvements in the class of hot-water heatersspecified by which the following advantages are obtained-viz. thehottest water is taken direct from the hottest part of the heater to theradiators by a central pipe and when the fire in the heater is forcedand steam generated the steam is allowed to escape without disturbingthe circulation of water in the system.

The heater is constructed with a direct unimpeded flue, so that inlighting or building up the fire complete combustion is obtainedimmediately by throwing open the dampers in the direct flue, whichcauses the radiators throughout the system to become heated from twentytothirty minutes sooner than can be done with other horizontal sectionalwaterheaters.

Great economy in fuel is obtained in this heater by the improvedconstruction of firetravel fiues, which is upward and around and undereach section without being broken like they are in heaters of otherconstruction. The return water from radiators at a low temperature isbrought in contact with the hot gases above the fire-chamber where thereis the greatest heat, thus heating the water quickly with great economyof fuel. The return water after circulating around and up through allsections of heater excepting the first section above the fire-pot iscarried down through a circulating-pipe entering the waterspace at thebottom of the fire-pot section,thus heating the water before it entersthe first hot-water section over the fire.

The invention consists in an annular firepot, a series of sections overthe fire-pot, the same being divided into smoke and Water spaces, thefirst section over the fire-pot being an entire water-section havingsmokefiues passing through the same connecting the fire-space with thesmoke-spaces above. There are five sections altogether, but as many canbe used as desired. Each water section or space is provided with adiaphragm to divide and spread the water over the entire section ofheating-s urface. Each section is connected to a vertical waterway,which is divided into two parts, the water entering one and going out atthe other. There is a central water-pipe made to pass from the firstwater-section and through all the other sections, coming out at the topand made to connect with the radiators independent of the other sectionsfor the purpose of taking the heated water from the section over thefirepot and send it direct to the radiators independent of the othersections.

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of the heater. Fig. 2 is afront elevation, the upper part shown in section on the line w 00. Fig.3 is a side elevation in section. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation withoutside of vertical waterway broken off. Fig. 5 is a top view of one ofthe upper sections. Fig. 6 is a similar view with top partially brokenaway to show the interior diaphragm of the upper water-space. Fig. 7 isa plan view of the top of the heater. Fig. 8 is a perspective view ofone of the sections, showing water-space on the upper half andsmoke-space on the lower half. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the top of theentire water-section over the fire-pot. Fig. 10 is a cross-section ofone of the upper smoke and water sections.

In the drawings, A represents a corrugated circular fire-pot sectionwhich is provided with a fuel-opening and a door A for the entrance offuel of whatever kind employed, and the ash-pit section I underneath thefiresection being provided with a double door a for convenience inremoving ashes.

B is the first water-section, placed directly over the fire and will beentirely occupied with Water with the exception of the four oval-shapedsmoke pipes or flues b, which are made to pass through it, connectingthe firesection with the next section above the. said entirewater-section B.

C O C 0 represent a series of circular sections placed one upon theother over the entire water-section B and which are each dividedhorizontally in the center, the bottom space a being for smoke and theupper one a for water.

D is a vertical waterway to receive the water from the return-pipe,divided into two upright compartments 0 c.

F is a central hot-water flow-pipe connected to the first water-sectionB and to the radiator, branches of which may be connected to differentradiators. (Not necessary to show in the drawings.)

E is the return water-pipe, connecting the radiators with the verticalwaterway D at the rear of the heater to complete the water-circuit.

G is a water-circulatin g pipe connecting the top section to thewater-space around the firepot section A over the ash-pit section I toheat the return water, and H is a small airpipe connecting the said pipeG to the flowpipe F to prevent binding and allow free cir-' culation ofthe water.

J is the smoke-pipe leading to the chimney or exit.

K is a half circular diaphragm, with a straight portion connecting it tothe back of the rear waterway D, which spreads the Water around theentire water-space of each section.

Each section 0 is formed with a U-shaped space L in front from eight totwelve inches wide at that portion'and extending from the outside ofeach section to the center of the same to act as a smoke-space and alsoto afford a convenient way to extract a section if broken and to inserta new one. The said space L in each section when the sections are placedone on top of the other forms a flue communicating with the smoke-exitflue J for a quick direct draft on first lighting the fire or forbrightening up a low fire; but this fiue may be converted into anindirect draft by means of three dampers M M M, formed to fit theopening and hinged to one side of the space L of the three uppersections 0 and provided with handles d, projecting to the outside, bywhich each damper is made to stand upright for a direct upward passageof smoke from the combustion chamber to the exit-flue and when made tofall over diagonally on the next section above to direct the smoke andproducts of combustion horizontally around the smoke-passage a in theunder part of each section (J for an indirect draft, thereby giving alonger distance for the smoke to travel, increasing greatly theheating-surface.

The space L in the front of the heater is covered by two doors N O,hinged to the outside of the sections and canbe conveniently opened forcleaning the interior.

R is a draw-off tap inserted in the bottom of the fire-pot section A. Sis another drawoff tap inserted in the section 0 above the water-sectionB.

T is the vertical partition in the vertical waterway, dividing it intotwo water-chambers.

V is a damper in the left of the first section 0 to close an opening inthe same for convenience in cleaning it. g

It will be observed that the usual spreaders, as seen at V, Fig. 2, willbe used on the water-pipes, both flow and return, but upon which I claimnothing, and the pipe G maybe an attached pipe, as shown at Fig. 1, or afluecolumn cast on the sections to connect the top section with thefire-section.

The practical operation of the device may be described as follows: Theboiler and system being first filled with water in the usual manner, thefire is started in the fire-pot section. Immediately the gases andproducts of combustion strike the under side of the first completewater-section B over the fire the water in it is instantly heated andrises through the' central .fiow pipe F and ascends directly to theradiators, heating the same quickly, then returns through the returnmainE, which enters the left compartment 0 of the waterway D, and intowater-section a of the water and smoke section (J, thence around thecurved diaphragm K and out at the compartment 0 of the said waterway D,

thence into the next section above, circulating through all the sectionsto the top one, then down through the water-circulatin g pipe G to thefire-chamber A, thence into the first entire water-section B, completingthe circulation. The smoke and products of combustion pass from thecombustion-chain ber A, thence upward through the series of smoke-finesb, which are placed through the water-section B. Thence, if a directdraft is desired, it rises up through the open space L formed in thefour top sections 0 to the exit smoke-pipe J, (the dampers M M M beingplaced vertical.) If an indirect draft is wished, the said dampers M arethrown over diagonally onto the edge of the next higher section 0, asshown at dotted line, Fig. 2, which closes the direct upward draft, andthe smoke and products of combustion are diverted thereby around andthrough the smoke-space a of the sections 0, being conducted from thelower to the next one above over the dampers M M M in a diagonalposition until it reaches the exit smokepipe J, which conducts the smoketo the chimney.

Each of the smoke and water sections 0 will be cast separately, with adiaphragm partly curved and partly straight, as K, Figs. 6 and 8, castin the upper or water chamber ct and a vertically divided waterway Dformed in the rear communicating with the water-chamber a, as shown atFigs. 3, 6, and 8, a circular projection 0 being formed on the top ofeach section to receive the section above, and lugs f being cast on thewaterway to be bolted together.

In the present state of the art all hot-Water-heating boilers to myknowledge are constructed in such a manner that the water con tained inboiler circulates from the waterspace around and above fire-pot, Wherethe water receives the greatest amount of heat, up through thewater-space of the differentsections until it reaches the highest pointon boiler, when it is then distributed to the mains leading to thehot-water radiators. It will be noticed that the smoke or gases fromcombustion travel in the same direction, always comingin contact withthe surface contained in upperportion of boi1er,whileboiler-surfacecontains hot water at a much higher temperature than the smoke orunconsumed gases. At times there must be several degrees difference intemperature between the hot water contained in the boiler at the highestpoint and the non-consumed gases from combustion as they pass theheating-surface of the upper portion of boileron their way to chimney,while a boiler constructed with a downdraft may keep the non-consumedgases at alo'wer temperature from coming in contact with that part ofthe boiler containing heated water of cal and horizontal smoke-fines.

a higher temperature than the gases. However, a downdraft heater has itsdrawbacks in many respects, inasmuch as it is difficult to clean and isnot a success when attached to an ordinary chimney such as is found inthe average dwelling. To render the matter more clear to persons notthoroughly acquainted with hot-water heaters or boilers, it may beobserved that my device receives the coldest water in the system, whichis the return water from hot-water radiators, in that part of theboiler-surface receiving the heat that is contained in the non-consumedgases from combustion after they have left the fire-chamber proper andwhich are at a much lower temperature than when they were in thefirechamber, for these gases will not raise the temperature of watercontained in boilersurface of a higher temperature than the gasesthemselves. On the contrary, they will rob this hotter surface of agreat deal of heat on their way to the chimney, which is the case withall horizontal boilers or heaters that I am acquainted with constructedwith verti- After the return water at the lowest possible temperaturehas passed through that portion of the boiler-surface acted upon by the.non-consumed gases and taken up all the possible heat out of the gases,which is considerable when it is calculated the lower temperature of thereturn water that is brought in contact with the gases, it circulatesdown into the bottom ofthe water-space in the firechamber at a muchhigher temperature previous to receiving a greater heat in fire-chamber.In other words, the cold return water from radiators is heated beforeentering the boiler proper, or when it would enter on boilers of othermakes by being brought in contact with heated surface acted upon byunconsumed gases, which would otherwise carry much heat into chimney ifallowed to come in contact with boiler-surface of a higher temperaturethan these gases, which is the case with hot-water-heating boilers suchas are now used on the market.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with a hot-water heater and radiators a centralwater-pipe connecting the radiators directly with the water-sectionnearest the fire and passing through the other water-sections withoutcommunicating therewith, substantially as set forth.

2. A water-heater provided with cylindrical sections built one uponanother, each section being recessed-from the front to the center,forming a continuous smoke-flue which extends throughout the series,each section bein g further provided with a water-passage and a passagefor smoke and the products of combustion, and with valves controllingthe communication between the said flue and the latter passages, inorder that the draft may be kept direct or turned through any or all ofthe said smoke-passages at will, substantially as set forth.

3. In ahot-waterheater, the combination of a series of superposedwater-sections O with a fire-pot and water-section. inclosing the same,a circulating water-pipe connecting the top section with the fire-potsection, a watersection B above the fire-pot, a water-pipe supplying theradiators directly from this latter section, means of communicationbetween the lowest section 0 and the radiators and means ofcommunication between the water-passages of section C whereby the wateris allowed to flow through the entire series of such sections,substantially as set forth.

at. In a hot-water heater the combination of a series of superposedcommunicating watersections, and an independent water-section arrangedbelow them with a fire-box acting first on the latter section, theradiators, aflowpipe directly connecting the latter section and theradiators, a return-pipe connecting the latter section of the serieswith the said independent water-section, and a small pipe H connectingthe flow-pipe with the return-pipe, substantially as set forth.

5. In a hot-water heater, and radiators, a direct water-pipe attached tothe first watersection over the fire-chamber, and made to pass upthrough all the upper sections and make a direct connection withradiators, and the return water-pipe made to enter the first smoke andwater section above the fire-section, and a water-circulating pipeadapted to connect the top section with the bottom of the and for thepurpose specified.

6. In a hot-water heater, a direct hot-water flow-pipe F, connected tothe first water -section B, over the fire-section A, and connected toradiators, and the return water-pipe E,

from the radiators made to enter the left compartment of the waterway D,contiguous to and communicating with the first smoke and Water section0, immediately over the hot- Water section B, above the fire,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a hot-water heater, a series of Water and smoke sections C,constructed each with an opening L, (from front to center or other-Wise) adapted when the sections are placed one on top of the other toleave a directdraft for the smoke and products of combustion di rectfrom the fire to the smoke-exit pipe J, substantially as specified.

8. In ahot-Water heater, the combination of the central direct flow-pipeF, from the first Water-section B, to the radiators, the returnwater-pipe E, from the radiators to the first Water and smoke section0,. above the firesection A, the circulating Water-pipe G, connectingthe top section 0 with the bottom of the fire-section A, the directsmoke-flue L, in the sections 0, and the dampers M, made to 2 close saidflue L, for conducting the smoke and products of combustion around thesections 0, for an indirect draft, allconstructed substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, October 20, 2 1898.

WILLIAM JAMES WVALSl-I. In presence of- H. D. GODARD,

W. BRUCE.

